Hand Expression

Hand expression is a useful technique, additionally it’s convenient and free! It’s a handy way to relieve engorged breasts. You can use it to stimulate milk production if you need to increase your supply, and to provide milk for your baby. You can also combine hand expressing with using a breast pump.
 
Hand expression is often used for antenatal expression of colostrum.
 
Hand expression is simple to learn and gets easier with practice. Follow these steps:
  • Wash your hands.
  • You can use any clean container you like to collect your milk. Colostrum can be expressed into a small (5 ml) container or even onto a teaspoon if you want to feed it to your baby immediately.
  • Relax and get comfortable: your milk will flow more easily if you are warm and comfortable.
  • Privacy can help: try the breathing exercises you learnt for use during labor; visualize flowing milk.
  • It can be easier to get your milk flowing if your baby is nearby – if he is not, try thinking about your baby, or looking at a photo or recording of him.
  • Many mothers find that keeping a piece of clothing that smells of their baby close-by helps – this may be especially helpful if you’re separated from your baby, for example if your baby is in special care (NICU).
  • Take some deep breaths and drop your shoulders.
  • Gently massage your breasts with your hands and fingertips to stimulate your milk ejection reflex (MER or ‘let-down’) – this is the key to effective expressing.
  • Bending forward with your breasts suspended means gravity can help milk flow.
  • To increase your overall volume, go back and forth frequently between your breasts. Usually, you will get more from a 10-minute session by doing a minute each alternating side than by expressing for five minutes on one side and five on the other side.
 
The following technique – press, compress, release, repeat – is described in The Womanly Art of Breastfeeding 8th edition, pages 293-294 and The Art of Breastfeeding 9th edition, pages 400-401 and can be summarized as the following.
  • Hold your breast with your fingers and thumb cupped around your breast in a C shape, about an inch (2 to 3 cm) back from your areola. Then:
  1. PRESS your fingers and thumb straight back towards your chest.
  2. COMPRESS your breast gently together between your fingers and thumb.
  3. RELEASE the pressure without moving your hand from your breast.
  4. REPEAT, in a regular rhythm moving your hand to a different place around your breast after every few compressions or whenever milk flow stops, so that you compress all of your milk ducts. Then switch to your other breast.
  • Compressing, releasing, and repeating rhythmically helps to mimic the action of a baby breastfeeding.
  • For most mothers it’s a process of trial and error – experiment to find what works best for you: when you get a spray of milk from at least one nipple pore (instead of drops or a dribble), you’ve found what works for you.
  • Allow time at first: the whole process may take 20 or 30 minutes, you can always stop and start again later if you need to. Frequent short sessions are usually more effective than infrequent, longer expressing sessions.
  • Hand expression should feel comfortable. If it’s not, adjust what you’re doing until it feels ok.
  • To increase your overall volume, go back and forth frequently between your breasts. Usually, you will get more from a 10-minute session by doing a minute each alternating side than by expressing for five minutes on one side and five on the other side.
 
This video has a good demonstration of hand expression of breastmilk.
 
La Leche League (LLL) Asia & Middle East offers local breastfeeding support in over 20 countries, check Find LLL Support.
 
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Further reading:
Colostrum
Hand Expression, information sheet from The Womanly Art of Breastfeeding
Hand Expression of Breastmilk, article from ​La Leche League Great Britain
How to Express Breastmilk, Global Health Media video
The Power of Hand Expression, article from La Leche League International
Working and Breastfeeding, articles from Close to the Heart
 

Published August 2025, updated May 2026.
*Adapted from La Leche League International information.