Breastfeeding During Emergencies - English information

La Leche League (LLL) Resources

Cup Feeding infographic/poster, click here for more information, download directly at the links below.
Do women experiencing stress 'lose' their breastmilk - translated and adapted by LLL Asia & Middle East 2024 ​​
Drip-Drop Feeding infographic/poster, click here for more information, download directly at the links below.
Hand expression (from The Womanly Art of Breastfeeding Tear-Sheet Toolkit)

How can I get my baby to latch deeply? - translated and adapted by LLL Asia & Middle East
Increasing Breastmilk Supply infographic/poster, click here for more information, download directly at the links below.
Relactation infographic/poster - LLL Asia & Middle East version, click here for more information, download directly at the links below.
Skin-to-Skin Contact infographic/poster, click here for more information, download directly at the links below.
Tear Gas Exposure and Breastfeeding - developed by LLL Asia & Middle East

La Leche League Canada information
​www.lllc.ca/breastfeeding-emergencies

La Leche League Great Britain information
​www.laleche.org.uk/breastfeeding-emergency-situations/

La Leche League International articles
La Leche League USA information
​lllusa.org/breastfeeding-in-an-emergency/

Other Resources

Breastfeeding in Emergencies - Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine position statement
abm.memberclicks.net/assets/DOCUMENTS/bartick-et-al-2024-academy-of-breastfeeding-medicine-position-statement-breastfeeding-in-emergencies.pdf​

Breastfeeding in Emergency Situations - Global Breastfeeding Collective (GBC) advocacy brief
​www.globalbreastfeedingcollective.org/media/376/file/Breastfeedinginemergencysituations.pdf

Breastfeeding is Emergency Preparedness a brochure on pregnancy - birth - infant & young child feeding by Magdalena Whoolery

Early Initiation of Breastfeeding During Emergencies an infographic published in 2021 by the Infant Feeding in Emergencies (IFE) Core Group
​www.ennonline.net/sites/default/files/2024-01/early-initiation-of-breastfeeding-during-emergencies-english.pdf
​
Evacuating with a baby? Here’s what to put in your emergency kit​ by Karleen Gribble and Nina J. Berry
​theconversation.com/evacuating-with-a-baby-heres-what-to-put-in-your-emergency-kit-127026

Emergency preparedness for those who care for infants in developed country contexts by Karleen Gribble and Nina Berry
​internationalbreastfeedingjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-4358-6-16

Experiences and support for caregivers of infants and young children: 2019–20 bushfires published by Australian Journal of Emergency Management
knowledge.aidr.org.au/resources/ajem-july-2024-experiences-and-support-for-caregivers-of-infants-and-young-children-2019-20-bushfires/
PDF version
​knowledge.aidr.org.au/media/10963/ajem-2024-03_05.pdf

Feeding Babies During Emergencies a comic based on the IFE’s Operational Guidelines on Infant Feeding in Emergencies
​www.ennonline.net/sites/default/files/Comic_Feeding_babies_during_emergencies_English.pdf

Feeding Babies and Young Children: Simple/Key points for helpers published by SafelyFed Canada and Europe

How to Express Breastmilk, a video from Global Health Media
​globalhealthmedia.org/videos/how-to-express-breastmilk/

How to Write and Talk About Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies published by IFE Core Group
www.ennonline.net/sites/default/files/IFE-HowTo-Guide.pdf

Humanitarian Emergency published by e-lactancia
e-lactancia.org/breastfeeding/humanitarian-emergency/synonym/ 
​
Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies by Cathy Carothers and Karleen Gribble
​journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0890334414537118

Infant And Young Child Feeding In Emergencies, U.S Breastfeeding Committee
​www.usbreastfeeding.org/breastfeeding-in-emergencies.html

Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies: A Narrative Review, Turkish Archives of Pediatrics
​turkarchpediatr.org/Content/files/sayilar/134/TAP%20-%20March%20-%2001_03-135-143.pdf

Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies: Assessment Guide published in 2021 by the Infant Feeding in Emergencies (IFE) Core Group
​www.ennonline.net/iycfe-assessment-guide

Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies: Information for the Media published by the Infant Feeding in Emergencies (IFE) Core Group
​www.ennonline.net/sites/default/files/IFE-Media-Guide.pdf
Background Information for Communications Experts on Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies published by the Infant Feeding in Emergencies (IFE) Core Group
​www.ennonline.net/sites/default/files/2024-04/ife-core-group_-background-information-on-ife-for-communication-experts_final.pdf

​Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies (IYCF-E) Support – Lifesaving Interventions published by the Infant Feeding in Emergencies (IFE) Core Group
www.ennonline.net/resource/ife/support-lifesaving-interventions

Infant Feeding in Emergencies, International Baby Food Action Network (IBFAN)
​www.ibfan.org/infant-feeding-in-emergencies-2/

Infant Feeding in Disasters and Emergencies published by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/DisasterFactSheet6-2020.pdf

​Infographic Series on Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies (IYCF-E) published in 2021 by the Infant Feeding in Emergencies (IFE) Core Group, multilingual
www.ennonline.net/ifecoregroupinfographicseries
  1. Early initiation of breastfeeding during emergencies
  2. Preventing and managing inappropriate donations of breastmilk substitutes (BMS)   
  3. Planning and managing artificial feeding interventions during emergencies
  4. Supporting infants dependent on artificial feeding during emergencies
  5. Infant feeding during infectious disease outbreaks: a guide for policy makers
  6. Infant feeding during infectious disease outbreaks: a guide for programmers
  7. Supporting wet nursing during emergencies

Interim Operational Considerations for the feeding support of Infants and Young Children under 2 years of age in refugee and migrant transit settings in Europe, Emergency Nutrition Network (ENN)
​www.ennonline.net/sites/default/files/Infant-and-Young-Child-Feeding-in-Transit-011015_FINAL.pdf

Key Phrases for Infant and Young Child Feeding Assessment and Support published by SafelyFed Canada and Europe​

​Operational Considerations for the Feeding Support of Infants and Young Children Under 2 Years of Age in Refugee and Migrant Transit Settings in Europe developed by the Infant Feeding in Emergencies (IFE) Core Group, multilingual
​safelyfed.eu/iycfe_transit_flyers.html

Operational Guidance on Infant Feeding in Emergencies (OG-IFE) version 3.0
​www.ennonline.net/sites/default/files/Ops-Guidance-on-IFE_v3_English.pdf

Supporting Access to Breastmilk Through Wet Nursing in Emergencies: Technical and operational guidance for emergency preparedness and response, United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and Infant Feeding in Emergencies (IFE) Core Group (2025)
​knowledge.unicef.org/child-nutrition-and-development/resource/technical-operational-guidance-increasing-access-breastmilk-through-wet-nursing-emergencies

​Transit Guidelines based on Operational Considerations for the Feeding Support of Infants and Young Children Under 2 Years of Age in Refugee and Migrant Transit Settings in Europe developed by the Infant Feeding in Emergencies (IFE) Core Group, multilingual
black & white
color

​Wet Nursing Screening Tool, Save the Children, this screening tool accompanies the UNICEF (2025) Technical and Operational Guidance on Supporting Access to Breastmilk Through Wet Nursing in Emergencies.
iycfehub.org/document/wet-nursing-screening-tool/

Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) threats in wartime situations: The impact on breastfeeding safety and infant/ young child feeding practices created by the IFE Core Group Sub-Working Group on Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies (IYCF-E) 2023
www.ennonline.net/cbrn-iycfe

Chemical and Biological Threats: Guidance for Breastfeeding Women, Infants, and Young Children by Sharon Leslie and Mija Ververs
www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/hs.2023.0096